N-(3-oxopregna-4, 17(20)-dien-21-yl) quaternary salts and }9-nor derivatives corresponding

ABSTRACT

N-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl) quaternary salts and the 19nor derivatives thereof are prepared by alkylation of the appropriate amine with a 21-halopregna-4,17(20)-dien-3-one or a 21-halo-19-norpregna-4,17(20-dien-3-one followed, if necessary, by ion exchange. These quaternary salts display anti-microbial properties, e.g., anti-bacterial, anti-protozoal, anti-fungal, anti-algal and anthelmintic.

United States Patent Colton eta].

1 41 N-(3-OXOPREGNA-4, l7(20)-DIEN-2l- YL) QUATERNARY SALTS AND !9-NOR DERIVATIVES CORRESPONDING [72] Inventors: Frank B. Colton, Evanston; Richard A. Mikulec, Chicago; Robert T. Nicholson, Glenview, all of I11.

[73] Assignee: G. D. Searle & Co., Chicago, 111.

[22] Filed: April 13, 1970 [21] App]. No.: 28,001

[52] US. Cl. ..260/239.S, 260123955, 260/3973 [51] Int. Cl ..C07c 173/00 [58] Field of Search ..260/239.5

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,720,523 10/1955 MacPhillamy ..260/239.5

[451 Oct. 10, 1972 3,072,531 l/l963 Godtfredsen et al. ..260/239.5

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,003,681 3/1962 Great Britain ..260/239.5

Primary Examiner-Elbert I... Roberts AttorneyJohn M. Brown, John J. Kolano, Elliot N. Schubert, Lowell C. Bergstedt, Sybil Meloy, Walter C. Ramm and Helmuth A. Wegner ABSTRACT 10 Claims, No Drawings N-(3-OXOPREGNA-4, l7(20)-DlEN-2 l-YL) QUATERNARY SALTS AND !9-NOR DERIVATIVES CORRESPONDING The present invention relates to novel steroidal quaternary salts and, in particular, to those salts containing a 3-oxopregnadiene or 3-oxo-l9-norpregnadiene structure as represented by the following structural formula cnoaaimnm, 1:- OH;

wherein R and R, denote a lower alkyl radical, R is a lower alkyl, benzyl or cyclohexyl radical or NR R,R, comprises an N-methylmorpholinium radical or radical of the formula in which Y is a methyl or ethoxycarbonyl group, R is hydrogen or a methyl radical and X'" is a halide, hydrogen bifluoride or nitrate ion.

Particularly preferred compounds of this invention are those represented by the following formula wherein R, and R denote a lower alkyl radical, R, is a lower alkyl, benzyl or cyclohexyl radical or NR,R,R comprises an N-methylmorpholinium radical, R is hydrogen or a methyl radical and X'" is a halide, hydrogen bifluoride or nitrate ion.

The term lower alkyl embraces those radicals containing less than eight carbon atoms, i.e., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and the branchedchain isomers thereof.

The halide ions comprehended in that formula include fluoride, chloride, bromide and iodide.

Suitable starting materials for manufacture of the compounds of this invention are the 2 l -halo substances ofthe following structural formula CHCHrZ wherein Z is bromo or chloro and R, is hydrogen or methyl. Reaction of those substances with the appropriate tertiary amine results in the instant corresponding quaternary salts. That process is specifically illustrated by the reaction of 2l-bromopregna-4,l7(20 )-dien-3-one with B-picoline in benzene solution at the reflux temperature to afford N-( 3-oxopregna-4,l'l(20 )-dien-2 l-yl)-B-picolinium bromide.

A particularly convenient method for obtaining the quaternary iodide salts of this invention consists of anion exchange by means of an appropriate quaternary ammonium iodide anion exchange resin. Typically, a methanol solution of N,N,N-triethyl-(3-oxopregna- 4,l'l(20)-dien-2l-yl)ammonium bromide is passed through a column consisting of a polystyrene quaternary ammonium iodide anion exchange resin, thus yielding the corresponding iodide.

The instant nitrate, fluoride and hydrogen bifluoride quaternary salts are, similarly, produced by ion exchange utilizing an appropriate inorganic salt. Examples of suitable inorganic salts are sodium nitrate and silver fluoride.

The compounds of this invention display valuable pharmacological properties. They are, for example, anti-microbial agents as evidenced by their antibacterial activity, in particular against Bacillus subrilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella pararyphi A and Erwim'a sp., their anti-protozoal activity, in particular against Trichomonas vaginalis and Tetrahymena pyrijormis, their anthelmintic activity, specifically against Turbarrix aceti, their anti-fungal activity, specifically against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans, and their anti-algal activity, in particular against Chlorella vulgaris.

The assay used to detect the anti-bacterial activity of the instant compounds is described as follows:

A nutrient broth (manufactured by Baltimore Biological Laboratories or Difco) is prepared at twice the concentration recommended by the manufacturer, sterilized, then inoculated with 2 percent (by volume) of a culture of Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi A or Erwinia sp. Meanwhile, the test compound is heated in sterile distilled water at a concentration of 2,000 meg/ml. and a temperature of C. for 20 minutes. An equivolume mixture of this compound preparation and the inoculated broth is incubated aerobically at 37 C, then is examined grossly for growth of the test organism. The incubation period is 24-48 hours for Erwinia sp. and 20-24 hours for the other three organisms. lf growth of the test organism is observed, the compound is considered inactive. if no such growth is observed, the incubated mixture is serially diluted and mixed with an inoculated broth of the same composition as before excepting that the concentration is halved and l percent (by volume) of the culture instead of 2 percent is incorporated. Amounts of the latter broth added are such that concentrations of 100, I0 and l mcg. of compound per ml. result. The mixtures thus obtained are incubated as before, then examined grossly for growth of the test organism. Potency is expressed as the minimum concentration at which no growth of test organism is discernible. Controls are provided by concurrent incubations identical with the foregoing except for the absence of the test compound.

The anti-protozoal activity of the compounds of the present invention is determined by assays :utilizing either Trichomonas vaginalis or Tetrchymenu .pynformls. ln theformer assay, 80 -volumes of a modified Diamond medium prepared by mixing l,200 parts of trypticase (Baltimore Biological Laboratories), 600 partsof yeast extract, (Difco), 300 parts of maltoserofl parts of L-cysteine hydrochloride, 12 parts of baconbic acid, 48 parts of dibasic potassium phosphate ls parts of monobasic potassium phosphate and 27,000 parts of distilled water; adjusting the pH to 6.8 with aqueous 4.percent sodiumhydroxlde'; incorporating 30 partaol' agar (Baltimore Biological Laborutories); boiling for 1 minute to dissolve the agar; andsterilizing is diluted with 20 volumes of sterile Dubos medium serum. resulting medium is inoculated with 2 percent (by volume) of either a 48-hour or a 72-hourculture of Trichomonas vaginalis. Meanwhile, the test compound is heated in sterile distilled water at a concentration of 2,000 mcg.lml. and a temperature of 80 C. for 20 minutes. An equivolume mixture of thiscompound preparation and the inoculated medium is incubated anaerobically at 37' C. for 48 hours, then is examined microscopically for the presence of motile trichomonads. If any are observed, the compound is considered inactive. If no motile trichomonadsare observed, the incubated" mixture is serially diluted and mixed with an inoculated medium of; the same composition as that described above excepting that-54,000 parts of distilled water instead of 27,000 parts and 1 percent (by volume) of the culture instead of 2 percent are incorporated. Amounts of the latter medium added are such thatconcentrationsaoi' 1,000, to and l rncg of compound per ml. result. The mixtures thus obtained are incubated as before and thenexamined microscopically for motile trichomonads. Potency isexprcssedas the minimum concentration at which no motile trichomonads are discernible. Controls are provided by concurrent incubations identical with the foregoing except for theabsence of the test compound.

In the latter assay, a nutrient broth consisting of 12 g.

of proteose peptone, 8 g. of sucroseand 500ml. of-

wnter is sterilized and inoculated with 10 percent (by volume) of an axenic. culture of Tetrahymenc pyrifarmis. Meanwhile, the test compound is-heated in sterile distilled water at a concentration of 2,000 mcg. per ml.

and a temperature of 80 C. for20 minutes. An

equivolume mixture of this compound preparation and the inoculated medium is incubated aerobicallyat 32 C. for 48 hours, thenis examined microscopically for.

the presence of motile tetrahymena. If any. are observed, the compound is considered inactive. If no motile tetrahymena are observed, the incubated mixture is serially .dilutedandmixed with an inoculated medium of the same composition as that described above excepting that L000 parts of distilled water instead of 500' parts and 5 percentlby volume) of the culture instead of 10 percent are incorporated. The

amountsof the latter medium added are such that concentrations of 1,000, 10 and l mcg. of compound per ml. result. The mixtures thus obtained are incubated as before and then examined microscopically for motile tetrahymenasPotency is expressed as the minimum concentration at which no motile tetrahymena are discernible. Controls are provided by concurrent incu- 4 bations identical with the foregoing except for absence otthetestcompound.

Evidence for the anthelmintic activity of the instant compounds isprovldedby an assay utilizing Turbatrir aceri, a representative nematode. In this assay, the test compound islteated in sterile distilled vwater at a concentration of 2,000 mcgJml. and a temperature of C. for 20 minutes, whereupon an equivolumc mixture of this compound preparation and a washed aqueous suspension of Turbatrix aceti containing approximately 2,000 nematodes per ml. is incubated-anaerobically at room temperature for 48 hours and then examined grossly for the presence of motile nematodes. if any are observed, the compound is considered inactive. if .no motile nematodes are observed, the incubated mixture is serially diluted and mixed with a freshly prepared and washedaqueous suspension of Turbatrr'x aceri containing approximately 1,000 nematodes per ml. in amounts such that concentrations of I00, 10 and l mcg. of compound per ml. result. The mixtures thus obtained are incubated as before and then examined grossly for the presence of motile nematodes. Potency is expressed as the minimum concentration at which. no motile nematodes are discernible. Controls are provided by concurrent incubations identical with the foregoing except for absence of the test compound.

Confirmation of the anti-fungal activity of the com.- pounds of this invention is afforded by an assay utilizing either Trichcphymn menmgrophyres or Candida albicans.-ln this assay, the test compound is dissolved or suspended in melted Sabouraud agar and is held at 80 C. for 20 minutes. Dilutions are made from this preparation in melted Sabouraud agar in order to give concentrations of the test substance of 1,000, I00, l0 and l meg/ml. in the agar. The agar is permitted to cooiand solidify and is then surface inoculated with a suspension of spores 'of. Trichophyton menragrophyles or-Cmzdida albicanr. The inoculated media are incu-.

bated at room temperature, those containing Candida albicans for about 48 hours and those containing Trlchophytan mentagrophytes for 6-7 days, then are examined grossly for the presence or absence of growth of the test organism. Control preparations lacking the test compound are employed for comparative purposes. Activity is reported as mcg; of the compound/ml. oi agar which completely prevents visible growth of the test organism.

The anti-algal property of the instant compounds is demonstrated by their activity. in the following assay:

Sterile Bristol medium of two times the normal concentration is inoculated with an aqueous suspension of Chlorella vulgaris and 0.5 ml. of that inoculated medi-' um is mixed'with 0.5 ml. of a stock solution or suspension of the test compound in sterile distilled water preparedat a concentration ol 2 mgJml. .Serial dilutions are made using single strength Bristol medium, thus affording mixtures having concentrations of 1,000, 100, 10 and l meg/ml. Those inoculated media are incubated at room temperature under artificial light for 4-5 days, then are examined macroscopically'for the presence orabsence of growth ol'the organism. The activity of the test compound is reported its-the concentration at which no algal growth is observed. A control mixture identical save for emission of the test compound is prepared for comparison purposes.

.opregna-4,l7(20)-dien-2l-yl)ammonium The invention will appear more fully from the examples which follow. These examples are set forth by way of illustration only and itwill be understood that the invention is not to be construed as limited thereby either in spirit or in scope as many modifications both in materials and in methods will be apparent from this disclosure to those skilled in the art. in. these. examples temperatures are given in degrees Centigrade C.) and quantities of materials in parts by weight unless otherwise noted.

EXAMPLE 1 To a solution containing 2 parts of 2l-bromo-l9-norpregna-4,l7(20)-dien-3-one in 22 parts of benzene is added 1.9 parts of triethylamine and the resulting reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for about minutes, then is heated at the reflux temperature for about 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the precipitated crude product is collectedby filtration and dried to afford N ,N ,N-triethyl-(3-oxo-l9-norpregna- 4,17 (20)-dien-2l-yl)ammonium bromide, melting at about l8 3'-l 85 with decomposition. Recrystallization from ethanol-ether has no effect on the melting point.

This compound is represented by the following structural formula CHICK: cnoaus cmom Br- CH! 0 mo HI EXAMPLE 2 colon: anemia-carcaal- CH! cnlcal 6 EXAMPLE 3 To a solution containing 3.7? parts of 2ibromopregna-4,l7(20}-dien-3-ooe and. 88 parts of benzene is added 20 parts by volume of a 25 percent trimethylarnine in methanol solution. The resulting mixture isheated at the reflux temperature with stirring for about 1 hour, then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate which forms is collected by filtration and dried, thenpurified by recrystallization from ethanol-ether to aflord, as fisintlyyellow prismatic crystals, N,N, N-trimethyl-(3-oxopregna-4,l"20)- dien-Zl-yDamrnoniun bromide, melting at about 241.9443". This compound is represented by the following structural formula cm canonical al- EXAMPLE 4 A solution of 3.77 parts of 2 l -brornopregna-4, 1 7(20 )-dien-3-one in 88 parts of benzene is prepared and 3.8 parts of tri-n-propylamine is added. The resulting reaction mixture is heated at the reflux temperature with stirring and, after I hour, is allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate which forms upon cooling is collected byfiltration, then is-dried and recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol-ether, thus affording N,N,N-trin-propyl43-oxopregna-4, l 7(20)-dien-2 l yl)ammonium bromide as colorless prismatic crystals, melting at about l .S-l76.- This compound is characterized further by the following structural formula omen-om one -ommcm Bromcrncm EXAMPLES to a solution containing 3.77 parts of 21- brornopregna-4,l7(20)-dlen-3-one and 88 parts of benzene is added 4.8 parts of fl-picoline. The solution which results is heated at the reflux temperature with stirring for about I hour, then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The resulting precipitated product is collected by filtration. dried, then purified by recrystallization from isopropyl alcohol-ether, thus affording colorless prism-like crystals of N-(3-ox opregna-4, l 7( 20)-dien-2 l -yl J-fi-picoliniurn bromide monohydrate, which melts at about l6'l.5l68.5. it is represented by the following structural formula cncniif Br-HW I 011:. v

EXAMPLE 6 A solution containing 3.77 parts of 2l-bromopregna- 4,1 7(20)-dien -3-one, 4.6 parts of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine and 88, parts of benzene is heated with I stirring at the reflux temperature for about I hour, then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitated product is collected by filtration and purifled by recrystallization from benzene-methanol. Drying of that recrystallized material-under reduced pressure at about 100 affords N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-(3- oxopregna-4,l7(20)-dieri-21yl)ammonium bromide hemihydrate, melting at about l68.5 -l70. This compound is represented by the following structural formula cnomfom-Q -M r om CHI EXAMPLE 7 ononro H: CHI

BF-HHrO-HCHaOH OHI EXAMPLES To a solution containing 3.77 parts of 21- bromopregna-4,l7(20 l-dien-3-onein B8 partsof benzene is added 4.8 parts of a-picoline. The resulting reaction mixture is heated at-the reflux temperature with stirring for about! hour. then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate which forms upon cooling is collected by filtration,.dried. and purified-by recrystallization from methanol-ether, thus affording colorless needle-like crystals 7 of N-( 3-.0xopregna: 4,17(20J-dien-2l-yl)-a-picolinium bromide hemihydrate hemimethanolate, melting at about l84l85. This compound is characterized further by the following structural formula onorn- 0H4 arsmo scmorr EXAMPLE 9 To a solution of 3.77 parts of ZI-bromopregna- 4,l7(20)-dien-3-one in 88 parts of benzene is added 5 parts by volume of ethyl isonicotinate. The resulting reaction mixture is heated with stirring at the reflux temperature for about 1 hour, then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate which forms is collected by filtration, dried and purified by recrystallization from acetone-ethyl'acetate, thus affording yellow prism-like crystals of 4-ethoxycarbonyl-N-(3-oxopregna-4,l 7(20)-dien-2 l -yl)pyridiniurn bromide hemihydrate, melting at about l59.5-l60.5. This compound is represented by the following structural formula exam-@qowmcm 0H1 BF-LQHIO EXAMPLE H) A solution containing L91 parts of N,N,N-triethyl- (3-oxopregna-4, l 7(20)-dien-2 l -yl)ammonium bromide dissolved in I60 parts of methanol is passed through a column containing 25 parts of a polystyrene quaternary ammonium chloride anion exchange resin. An additional parts of methanol is then passed through the column and the combined effluent is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is purified by recrystallization from acetone-ether to afford colorless plate-like crystals of N,N,N-triethyl-(3-oxopregna-4,l7(20)1dien-2 l-yllammonium chloride monohydrate, melting at about l83-l84. This compound is represented by the following structural formula omen.

oHcmN-cmca, (xi-41,0 omen.

EXAMPLE 1 l onion. cannu a-omen, 1- CH GHtCH| EXAMPLE [2 To a solution of 3.77 parts of 21-brornopregna- 4,l7(20)-.dien-3-one in 88 parts of benzene is added 3.9 parts of tri-n-butylamine and the resulting reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for about 24 hours. The precipitate which forms is collected by filtration and purified by recrystallization from ethanolether, thus affording colorless prism-like crystals of N,N,Ntri-n-butyl-(3-oxopregna-4,l7(20)-dien-2lyl)ammonium bromide, melting at about l60.5l63 and characterized further by the following structural formula omcmcmom caca-Kz-cmomcmcm Br- CHI cmomomon.

CHI

EXAMPLE l3 N,N-diethylcyclohexylamine solution consisting of 3.77 parts of 2l-bromopregna-4,l7(20)-dien-3-one, 4.4 parts of N,N- and 88 parts of benzene is stirred at room temperature for about 72 hours. at the end of which time the precipitate which forms is collected by filtration, dried,'and purified by recrystallization from acetone-ether. thus producing colorless prism-like crystals of N-cyclohexyl-N,N-diethyl-(3-oxopregnu 4. l 7( 20)dien-2 l -yl)ammonium bromide hemihydrate, melting at about l$5.5l5 7. This compound is represented by the following structural'form ula EXAMPLE 14 A solution containing 3.77 parts of 2 l -bromopregna- 4,l7(20)-dien-3-one, 5 parts by volume of N-methylmorpholine and 88 parts of benzene is heated at the reflux temperature with stirring for about 1 hour, then is allowed to cool to room temperature. The resulting precipitate is collected by filtration, dried and purified by recrystallization from isopropyl alcohol to afford. as light tan plate-like crystals, N-methyl-N-(B-oxopregna- 4, l 7(20)-dien-2 l -yl)morpholinium bromide monohydrate, melting at about l99-200.5. This compound is represented by the following structural form ula (mom-it a Br-ILO EXAMPLE 15 To a solution of LB parts of N,N,N-tri-n-butyl-(3- oxopregna-4, l 7(20)-dien-2 l -yl)ammonium bromide in 200 parts of water is added dropwise 10 parts by volume of saturated aqueous sodium nitrate. The resulting mixture is stirred at room temperature for about l6 hours, then is filtered to remove the precipitate which forms. Recrystallization of that crude product from water results in pure N,N,N-tri-n-butyl- (3-oxopregna-4.l7(20)-dien-2l-yl)ammonium nitrate as colorless prismlike crystals, melting at about l94-l95.5. It is represented by the following structural formula CHrCHICHrC H: cncmfi-omomc mom NO:-

crnomomcli,

EXAMPLE l6 To a solution of 4.8 parts of N,N.N-triethyl-(3-oxopregna-4,l 7(20)-dien-2 l -yl)ammonium bromide in 30 parts of water. is added dropwise with stirring a solution of 1.3 parts of silver fluoride in 10 parts of water. The resulting precipitate is removed by filtration and the filtrate is evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. Recrystallization of the resulting residue from acetone-ether affords tan prism-like crystals of N,N;N- triethyl-( 3-oxopregna-4, l 7( J-dien-Z-I -yl)ammonium hydrogen bifluoride sesquihydrate, melting with decomposition at about l6|163. This compound is represented by the following structural fonnula OHICH-I CH onoaniz-cmon: aFr-ixmo omen- What is claimed is: 1. A compound of the formula wherein R and R, are lower alkyl radicals, R is a lower alkyl, benzyl or cyclohexyl radical or NR,R',R represents an N-methylmorpholinium radical or radical of the formula Y being a methyl or cthoxycarbonyl radical. R. is hydrogen or a methyl radical and X represents a hulide, hydrogen bifluoride or nitrate ion.

2. As in claim 1. a compound ofthe formulu oaomr muwar alkyl): x-

wherein R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical and X represents a halide. hydrogen bifluoride ornitrate ion.

3. As in claim 1, a compound ofthe formula wherein X represents a halide, hydrogen bifluoride or nitrate ion.

4. As in claim 1, a compound of the formula enem 2 Br 0H] I t a i l Column Column Column Column Column Column Patent No,

Abstract,

Claim 2,

should be Claim 3, formula should be UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION 1, line 30,

1, line M7,

5, line M,

6, line 13,

10, line 2,

sisting of" should 10, line formula Dated October 10 1972 Inventor(s) Frank B. Colton, Richard A. Mikulec & Robert T.

Nicholson It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Title, bOth locations 9-NOR" should be l9-NOR--.

lines 5 & 6, l,l7(20dien" should be -U,l7(20)-dien should be --X "X should be -X"-.

" l,l7(20)dien-" should be l, l7(20)-dien--.

"ammonium" should be -ammonium--,

"N,N-diethylcyclohexylamine solution conbe --A solution consisting; of.

" 4. 4 parts of N,N- and" should be 4. 1 parts of N,N-diethylcyclohexylamine and--.

u CU (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR.

Signed and sealed this 29th day of May 1973.

Attesting Officer )RM PC7-1050 (10-69) ROBERT GOTTSCHALK 

2. As in claim 1, a compound of the formula
 3. As in claim 1, a compound of the formula
 4. As in claim 1, a compound of the formula
 5. As in claim 1, the compound which is N-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl)- Beta -picolinium bromide.
 6. As in claim 1, the compound which is N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl)-ammonium bromide.
 7. As in claim 1, the compound which is N,N,N-tri-n-butyl-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl)-ammonium bromide.
 8. As in claim 1, the compound which is N-cyclohexyl-N,N-diethyl-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl)ammonium bromide.
 9. As in claim 1, the compound which is N,N,N-tri-n-butyl-(3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-yl)-ammonium nitrate.
 10. As in claim 1, the compound which is N-(3-oxopregna-4, 17(20)-dien-21-yl)- Alpha -picolinium bromide. 